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Imaging Studies
FOR IRON OVERLOAD

Tissue iron can be visualized and quantified by a variety of imaging modalities, including computed tomography,(1-4) nuclear resonance scattering,(5,6) SQUID,(7-10) and MRI (11-13). These methods are not available in widespread clinical practice.

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About imaging studies

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)

Superconducting Quantum Interference Device (SQUID)

References

  • * (1)Harada M, Hirai K, Sakisaka S, et al, Comparative study of magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography and histology in the assessment of liver iron overload. Intern Med. 1992;31(2):180-4.
  • * (2)De Marchi S, Cecchin E, Hepatic computed tomography for monitoring the iron status of haemodialysis patients with haemosiderosis treated with recombinant human erythropoietin. Clin Sci (Lond).1991;81(1):113-21.
  • * (3)Cecchin E, De Marchi S, Querin F, et al, Efficacy of hepatic computed tomography to detect iron overload in chronic hemodialysis. Kidney Int. 1990;37(3):943-50.
  • * (4)Guyader D, Gandon Y, Deugnier Y, et al, Evaluation of computed tomography in the assessment of liver iron overload. A study of 46 cases of idiopathic hemochromatosis. Gastroenterology. 1989;97(3):737-43.
  • * (5)Wielopolski L, Zaino EC, Noninvasive in-vivo measurement of hepatic and cardiac iron. J Nucl Med. 1992;33(7):1278-82.
  • * (6)Wielopolski L, Ancona RC, Mossey RT, et al, Nuclear resonance scattering measurement of human iron stores. Med Phys. 1985;12(4):401-4.
  • * (7)Canavese C, Bergamo D, Ciccone G, et al, Validation of serum ferritin values by magnetic susceptometry in predicting iron overload in dialysis patients. Kidney Int. 2004;65(3):1091-8.
  • * (8)Sheth S, SQUID biosusceptometry in the measurement of hepatic iron. Pediatr Radiol. 2003;33(6):373-7.
  • * (9) Nielsen P, Engelhardt R, Dullmann J, et al, Non-invasive liver iron quantification by SQUID-biosusceptometry and serum ferritin iron as new diagnostic parameters in hereditary hemochromatosis. Blood Cells Mol Dis. 2002;29(3):451-8.
  • * (10)Brittenham GM, Sheth S, Allen CJ, et al, Noninvasive methods for quantitative assessment of transfusional iron overload in sickle cell disease. Semin Hematol. 2001;38(1 Suppl 1):37-56.
  • * (11)Voskaridou E, Douskou M, Terpos E, et al, Magnetic resonance imaging in the evaluation of iron overload in patients with beta thalassaemia and sickle cell disease. Br J Haematol. 2004;126(5):736-42.
  • * (12)Perifanis V, Economou M, Christoforides A, et al, Evaluation of iron overload in beta-thalassemia patients using magnetic resonance imaging. Hemoglobin. 2004;28(1):45-9.
  • * (13) Papakonstantinou O, Kostaridou S, Maris T, et al, Quantification of liver iron overload by T2 quantitative magnetic resonance imaging in thalassemia: impact of chronic hepatitis C on measurements. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol. 1999;21(2):142-8.

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